Many steps forward on the road to greater energy efficiency in Italy. But there are still two speeds between the private sector and the public administration. And there is no shortage of critical issues and obstacles to overcome.
From the 6th Annual Report on Energy Efficiency of ENEA, presented on Tuesday morning in Rome, emerges around one million interventions for over 9,5 billion euros of investments in Eco-bonuses, of which 3,3 billion in 2016 alone. Furthermore, in 2016, 15 energy diagnoses were carried out for companies, a record in Europe, and requests for incentives on the "Conto Termico" for efficiency interventions by the local PA grew by 300 %. And, thanks to lower consumption, €2005 billion in oil and gas imports have been saved since 3,5.
The president of Enea, Federico Head, said the good level of energy efficiency achieved in Italy and at the same time the need to support the Public Administration, which today has higher consumption than the national average.
In 2016 energy bill total of the PA for electricity, heating and transport was over 3,3 billion euros, of which 117 million euros spent at the central level (35% for electricity, 4% for gas and 61% for fuels and fuel), 1,85 billion in peripheral administrations, 220 million in the provinces that manage most of the school buildings and 1,13 billion euros in public health facilities.
A decidedly critical factor for compliance with the Directive on the energy performance of buildings, in force since 2019. On the occasion, in fact, it announced the creation of a special operational task force "PA-Objective energy efficiency" with the GSE, to achieve energy requalification interventions
Il Municipality of Assisi will be the protagonist of the first interventions of the task force and of some projects for seismic safety and conservation of the assets of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities, according to Aeneas.
In support of the PA, specific operational tools will be activated, with dedicated sites and expert advice, also live on social networks. The best public skills will work for a green PA, which in turn will constitute a conspicuous potential for job positions and redeployments, as argued by Deputy Minister Bellanova. Industry 4.0 and energy efficiency represent only the starting point to allow companies to compete on the global market.
The Report shows that in 10 years (2007-2016) with the eco-bonus mechanism, around 3 million energy requalification interventions were carried out on existing buildings for around 32 billion euro of total investments. Furthermore, the efficiency objectives envisaged by the 2011 PAEE national plan for the period 2005-2016 have already been achieved and the 2011-2020 objectives, indicated in the 2014 PAEE, have been achieved at 40%, with peaks of 84% in the residential sector , while transport and the tertiary sector (which includes the PA) are further away.
A continuous collaboration between the world of research, technological innovation and public policies that drive private investments are the prerequisites for the objectives achieved and for future ones, envisaged for 2030 by the Clean Energy Package of the European Union. It should not be forgotten that all these tools put in place have made it possible to mitigate the effects of the economic crisis, between 2013 and 2016, in fact, 270 direct jobs were generated every year, which reach over 400 also considering related industries .
On the occasion was also presented the ENEA report on tax deductions for the energy requalification of the building stock, updated snapshot of investments by sector stimulated by eco-bonuses: in the period 2014-2016, the main share of 4,36 billion euros concerned the replacement of 1,9 million windows, while 1,7 billion euros were allocated to over 52 thousand interventions on horizontal and inclined walls.
Savings in the three-year period amounted to around 3.300 GWh/year, just over 0,28 Mtoe/year. In 2016 in particular, savings exceeded 1.100 GWh/year, above all for the replacement of windows (over 41%) and the insulation of floors and walls (over 26%), types of interventions which, together with the reduction energy requirements for heating the entire building, have the best cost/effectiveness ratio. Thanks to tax incentives for energy requalification (tax deduction of 65%) and for building renovation (tax deduction currently 50%, but with different rates from the first introduction in 1998), over 14,2 million interventions were carried out, which involved 55% of Italian families in just under 20 years. The corresponding investments amount to 237 billion euros, of which 205 billion concerned building renovation and about 32 billion for energy requalification.
