The financial-economic crisis also had the consequence of slowing down the turnover process of companies. The phenomenon is evident in the United States, where in 2009 the number of new businesses born was almost 100 fewer than in previous years. In Europe, the greatest (relative) decline was seen in Spain, where compared to 2006 the number of new businesses halved.
In Italy, the latest data (referring to 2009) show a drop in the birth rate of businesses and an increase in the mortality rate, with a turnover that is still positive but clearly down on the previous year, and above all on the value of the 2006, when compared to 12,5 businesses born for every hundred active companies, 8,5 ceased.
The Italian companies that have survived three years after their birth have an average size higher than the original one and the average of the system. In 2009 the companies born three years earlier had an average size of 5 employees, compared to 3,9 overall. The difference is relevant above all in services, where an average size of 3,2 employees is matched by 4,7 of the younger companies, while the opposite is true in industry, where the new ones have an average of 6,1 employees against the 9,9 general.
In the study of business dynamics, an important role is played by high growth: companies which, thanks to their significant growth, make an important contribution to job creation. According to the OECD in some countries (including France, Italy, the Netherlands and Greece) between 50 and 60% of the increase in employment in the second half of the XNUMXs can be attributed to the activity of these companies, while in the United States they accounted for almost the entire increase in jobs between 1994 and 2006.
In Italy there were 2009 high growth companies in 5.073, a decrease compared to 2008. Most of these companies (40%) operate in the service sector (excluding commerce) and in industry (27%). In the three-year period 2006-2009, their contribution in terms of employment balanced the significant job loss (-35,2%) recorded in the other companies.
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