When everything seems to be fine, doubts take their place. Obviously, they are not seen in the final communiqué of the G20 on the climate of Naples. However, vigilance over what has been signed remains. At least until the international COP 26 conference in Glasgow in November. The Neapolitan summit was useful for having the Grandis sign a document that recognizes the commitment to "a prosperous, inclusive, resilient, secure and sustainable society that leaves no one behind". But the context essentially remains that of the Paris Agreements of 2015. Starting with the financial commitment of 100 billion dollars as a base that can be increased up to 2025 with the contribution of individual countries. The synthesis between renewable energies and climate change with the help of science and research has been recognized. All over the world, we have heard in the enchanting rooms of the Royal Palace of Naples. But the road is uphill, despite "the best possible agreement has been signed".
Everyone agreed that after the pandemic, the energy transition to renewable energy is “a tool for inclusive and fast socio-economic growth, job creation”. Global emissions will need to decrease and improve climate change adaptation as a universal commitment. Russia and China also said they were in favor of phasing out coal-fired power generation. It is true, however, that their economies need time. The green temporal dichotomy with Europe and the USA requires other non-detailed steps in Naples. And we don't go off topic if we remember that in the two countries energy is much more interconnected with politics than is said in international summits.
The goal of containing the increase in temperature to within 1,5 degrees was central, but there is no plenary agreement. "Four or five countries, including China, India and Russia, have said that they do not feel like giving this acceleration, even if they want to remain within the limits of the Paris Agreement" explained the Italian Minister of Ecological Transition, Roberto Cingolani . However, the hand has been pressed on the need to help developing countries. It will be interesting to see in the next few years how those of the big ones who are investing in new coal-fired plants in Africa will behave. The transition from a pre-industrial economy to a post-industrial one is not completed in a few years and many local governments do not have strategies converging with the objectives of saving the planet. The raw materials are on site, the money arrives in large quantities. The help of those who are in the best shape will be crucial, especially to stop those iungreen investments that no one wants anymore. On the other hand, the increase in crude oil production and rising prices will also have a macroeconomic reason. Then you see that the pandemic in rich countries has produced important recovery plans, so it is useful - as Italy has done after all - to draw resources from there too. In a way, it means keeping your feet firmly planted, taking advantage of the backwardness of the cities for which they are smart cities can be the winning solution. In the mature West, obviously, infested with discharges of all kinds and mortality from smog and fine dust.
The impacts of climate change have already been experienced around the world, demonstrating the need to implement adaptation actions. At least that's clear to everyone. Money ? Those of the Climate Investment Funds (CIFs) equal to $ 2 billion they are in circulation. And the summit reiterated their usefulness in relation to offshore renewables, ocean energy and the possibility of implementing this type of technology. Green hydrogen is well worth new investments and projects, in parallel with the reduction in the use of methane. What will become of the gas pipelines under construction? Will they all carry good hydrogen? Do we expect studies, disposal plans and banks in retreat on global fields? - iPublic and private investments - concluded the Grandi - will have to have other connotations. Integrate with each other to enter “all investment agendas and policies, towards the development of global reporting standards.” Work in progress, in short. How long the final document will resist, will materialize, in the time that separates us from COP 26 is the biggest bet made by the experts at the end of the two Italian days. Doubts, to be precise.
