In the government contract, they were entrusted to employment centres important functions. Their task was to activate the citizens' income recipients with active and training policies that would allow them to present, one after the other over a period of two years, three job offers, refused which the subject would lose the right. “This path – according to the contract – provides for an investment of 2 billion euros for the reorganization and strengthening of the employment centers which will act as a catalyst and job reconversion for workers who are temporarily unemployed. The planning of a general strengthening of all the employment centers on the national territory - the document continued - is aimed at: increasing the presence, efficiency and quality of services for employment; identify and define suitable performance standards for the services to be provided; adjust educational levels of operating personnel".
IS THE CITIZENSHIP INCOME A SUBSIDIARY FOR THE POOR OR THE UNEMPLOYED?
Before proceeding further, the text allows us to underline the confusion that reigns in the government majority on the profiles and conditions of the recipients of the service. Citizenship income launched with maneuver it is a tool that serves to fight poverty, first by ensuring an income modulated according to family burdens, then through a guided entry into the labor market? Or it is a provision that performs the function of Naspi and is aimed only at the unemployed or to those who have involuntarily lost a job? The words express distinct concepts: the unemployed person is in a different condition from that of the unemployed and as such cannot be identified as the worker who is momentarily in a state of unemployment and who must be re-entered into the labor market.
EMPLOYMENT CENTERS: RESOURCES HALVED, PROCEDURES DO NOT EXIST
However it goes, the demiurges of the operation will be the employment centres, the public hand structures called to intermediate the demand with the offer of work. In what way and with what strategies and procedures remains a mystery. More so now that the Def halved the dowry to just one billion (which is good because it reduces the amount of candidate resources to solve nothing).
THE MYSTERIOUS EXCLUSION OF EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES
Assigning this new role only to job centers is a further demonstration of the statist (sub)culture of one of the components of the majority (the M5S in fact). Not yes understands why employment agencies should be excluded. Approximately 80 employment agencies operate in Italy, authorized by the competent Ministry) and registered in the appropriate Register held by Anpal. The 47 agencies adhering to Assolavoro – reads a note presented during a hearing in the Chamber – they represent about 85% of the sector. In Italy they directly employ approx 10.500 employees, of which 75% women, 80% under 30 and 95% university graduates. Through the search and selection activity carried out by the employment agencies in one year over 50mila people are hired directly by the client companies.
Temporary workers in Italy were on average 439 thousand in 2017 (annual average on a quarterly basis; 700mila people who have had at least one temporary job opportunity during the year) against 2,7 million contract workers a dates (INPS data). The incidence of temporary agency work in our country is still below the European average, settling around at 1.5%, against 1,9% and is lower than in other countries such as Germany where this percentage is 2,4%. Particularly relevant is the constant increase of permanent workers, equal to over 37 thousand in 2017.
Despite a potential for professionalism and operational capacity that is visibly higher than that of employment centers and appreciable results in terms of employment, if it wasn't there administration agencies should close shop, because even for them it is not easy to carry out relocation policies. The trials organized by Anpal concerningthe redeployment check were unsuccessful firstly why unemployed workers preferred to conclude Naspi's intervention rather than enter into a plan of active policies.
THE YOUTH GUARANTEE LESSON
Even what, in the writer's opinion, deserves to be considered one of the most successful (or, if you prefer, less unsuccessful) programs such as Youth Guarantee, is there to prove how complex the paths of active politics are. Since it came into effect (May 1, 2014), almost 1,4 million young people have been registered, net of all deregistrations. Compared to those registered, those taken over by the competent services are equal to 77,7%. 80,6% of those taken in charge are young people with greater difficulty entering the labor market (medium-high and high profiling).
The number of users taken on by the employment centers (Cpi) is much higher compared to what was recorded for the employment agencies (Apl), 78,7% and 21,3% respectively, but in the North-West Regions this distribution is reversed: 21,5% of young people were taken care of by employment centers against 78,5% by employment agencies. As regards implementation, 55,6% of young people taken care of by services an active political intervention was launched. 58,7% of the actions is represented by the extra-curricular internship. Employment incentives follow with 24,1%. Training is the third most common path (12,7%). Compared to those who completed the active policy intervention, there are over 283 young people employed as of 31 July 2018, i.e. 52,3%. The job placement rate recorded 1, 3, 6 months after the conclusion of the Youth Guarantee intervention went from 43,3% (1 month) to 52% (6 months). The first entry into the job market within the month following the conclusion of the course concerns 43,6% of young people, a percentage that rises to 59,1% if we look at a longer period of time (within 6 months). Until here the Report number 6 of 2018 of the Ministry of Labour.
CITIZENSHIP INCOME: THE SURREAL ASPECTS
Ma at least it was a serious and concrete commitment, devoid of the surreal aspects that are hypothesized for the citizen's income such as the obligation to purchase Italian and "morally" impeccable products. But above all, the six-year prison sentence for so-called sly scoundrels resembles a Manzonian cry: a more serious and heavier sanction than those envisaged - just to give a few examples - for manslaughter (including road trafficking), aggravated fraud, aggravated theft, robbery. God bless Italy.
