The Super Ministry of Ecological Transition. This is how the new grillina "creature" should be called, the new dicastery proposed by the 5 Stars to the prime minister in charge Mario Draghi first of all to convince its voters of the adherence of the new government to the original project (as is known, the environment is one of the "five stars") and then to try to implement the Green New Deal and the investments of the Recovery Plan in practice, many of which will just be diverted to climate goals. However, the institutional novelty is not absolute, at least in Europe: Draghi himself, in supporting the need of the Movement, said he had looked at the French model, which is not even the only one. Something similar is also being seen in Spain, Switzerland and Belgium.
The most interesting model remains the French one of the "Ministry of Ecological and Solidarity Transition", established in 2017 by President Emmanuel Macron. To be honest, however, it is not doing very well: initially entrusted to a very popular personality like Nicolas Hulot, former TV presenter of naturalistic-themed programs, after 15 months the ambitious project suffers a first stop, with the resignation of the minister personally wanted by Macron. The plan has a double flaw: it is not enough to respect the Paris agreements, but at the same time it began to have a heavy impact on the lives of citizens, to the point of triggering the protest of the yellow vests in the autumn of 2018, born precisely as a reaction to the 'ecotax on polluting fuels, especially diesel.
The president then tried to straighten the course, also championing environmentalist commitment at an international level: first by trying (in vain) to convince former US president Donald Trump to sign the 2015 Paris agreements on the containment of global warming, then trying to intercept the green wave that emerged in the last French administrative elections, in 2020, when Green mayors were elected in many Municipalities, including important ones, and Anne Hidalgo herself, the first outgoing citizen of Paris, was reconfirmed thanks to a program entirely to ecology. Macron, even before the electoral round, had smelled the wind and at the end of 2019 he launched the "Climate Convention", a platform of 150 citizens drawn by lot, called to propose measures "to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 40% by 2030".
The initiative gathered 149 proposals, some of which were canceled but many implemented in a bill presented just two days ago: 65 articles, including the cancellation of some air routes if the train takes less than two and a half hours, or the ban on advertising for fossil energies (petrol, but also cigarettes). The formula does not convince the experts, who consider it insufficient, but it could be within the reach of the 5 Stars, who don't mind actively involving their electorate. Also there Spain created the "Ministry for Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge": established in 2018 by the Sanchez government, it brought together the functions of Energy, Agriculture and the Environment. It's working? For now he has obtained a historic agreement with unions and companies for the closure of coal mines.
In Switzerland instead, the "super federal department" was created in 2019 dedicated precisely to the ecological transition, which is working on a long-range environmental strategy (2050), which also deals with creating jobs. Finally the Belgium, where the Ministry of Climate, Environment, Sustainable Development and the Green Deal has existed since 2020.
