The Italy of entrepreneurs is increasingly multi-ethnic. According to the numbers of the chambers of commerce, in 2014 individual businesses made up of non-EU citizens grew by 23 thousand units, bringing the total to over 335 thousand, or one in every 10. The quarterly survey conducted by Unioncamere/InfoCamere indicates that the most foreign entrepreneurs numerous are those from Morocco (64 thousand), with a very strong presence in trade (over 46 thousand). In second place i Chinese (47 in total), which manage 5 restaurants and 16 manufacturing companies, especially textiles (mainly concentrated in Tuscany), but with strong growth among hairdressers and personal service businesses.
The strong presence is confirmed Egyptian in catering (2.500, second after the Chinese) and Albanians in construction (over 23, leading the sector ranking). In absolute values, however, the primacy of growth belongs to Bangladesh, which, with an increase of 4.900 businesses, exceeds 25 sole proprietorships, heavily concentrated in business services (call centres, copy shops, etc.). Behind him, Morocco, with over 3.100 more companies in the last twelve months. Then China, with almost 2 new businesses.
From the analysis it emerges how the sole proprietorships of immigrants demonstrate greater ability to cope with the crisis compared to Italian companies, compensating with their growth for the progressive reduction of the national component. This by virtue of a different dynamic of both enrollments and terminations. In the case of immigrants, in 2014 registrations increased by 4.264 units compared to 2013, while terminations decreased by 1.533. In the case of Italians, on the other hand, the significant and positive slowdown in terminations (28.619 less than the previous year) was accompanied by a reduction in enrollments (-12.540 compared to 2013). The result is an overall reduction of more than 35 sole proprietorships led by Italians.
“The transformations that our production system is undergoing clearly reflect the ongoing evolution of our society, increasingly solicited by the arrival of people from foreign countries – commented the president of Unioncamere, Ferruccio Dardanello -. The growing diffusion of these entrepreneurial initiatives demonstrates that the enterprise remains one of the best ways for social integration and cohesion. Let's take into account that, also considering joint-stock companies, the presence of immigrants in Italy in the business world still rises, reaching 500 units”.
THE DYNAMICS BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN
Entrepreneurs from Morocco, whose enterprises represent 19,1% of the total of sole proprietorships led by non-EU citizens, are predominant in 11 out of 20 regions, with a position of total leadership in trade and transport. The 47 individual entrepreneurs Chinese existing at the end of last December, very present above all in Tuscany and Veneto, they instead accompany a traditional and strong manufacturing vocation, a widespread presence also in the accommodation and catering sector and a predominance also in that of personal services. fromAlbania, on the other hand, more than 30 entrepreneurs come. Grown in 2014 by only 327 units, they are strongly suited to the construction sector.
The fourth country in order of entrepreneurial diffusion in Italy is the Bangladesh. The largest share of the 25.605 Bengali companies, very present in Lazio, is concentrated in the commercial sector (over 16 thousand); but, albeit with smaller numbers, they are leaders in the immigrant component in rental, travel agencies and business services and information technology and communications. Among other nationalities growing strongly in 2014, the Pakistan (10.742 business owners registered at the end of the year, 1.490 more than the previous year), the Nigeria (10.563, +1.437), the Senegal (18.192, +1.299) and, on smaller numbers, theIndia (4.730, +860).
