"The Chinese people stood up", these are the words with which from the balcony of the Gate of Heavenly Peace in Tiananmen Square Mao Tse Tung, surrounded by his soldiers and Communist Party representatives, proclaimed the birth of the People's Republic of China. It was October 1, 1949 the day when, after centuries of feudalism and two decades of civil wars between communists and nationalists, China changed its face inextricably, becoming a communist dictatorship very different from the Russian one.
Communist forces led by Mao, albeit outnumbered, had managed to defeat Chiang Ka-Shek's US-backed Nationalist army on the island of Taiwan, sanctioning the beginning of a "democratic dictatorship based on an alliance between workers and peasants". The Communist Party of China, which had over 4,5 million members, took the lead of the new People's Republic of China, equipping itself with a provisional constitution. Mao appointed himself head of state, Chou Enlai instead became Prime Minister.
"The great victories of the Chinese People's Liberation War and the people's revolution in China ended the era of imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capital. From an oppressed society, the Chinese people have transitioned into a new society and a new state which has replaced the oppressive, fascist, dictatorial and reactionary Guomintang government with the Republic of People's Democratic Dictatorship. The democratic dictatorship of the Chinese people belongs to the peasants, the organized people, the national bourgeoisie and the non-partisan democratic elements based on the alliance of the workers and the peasants and directed by the working class” thus Mao announced to the huge crowd present in Tiananmen Square the undertaking what accomplished.
The People's Republic of China was a communist state, based on a socialist economic model. Over the years, despite everything remaining firmly in the hands of the CCP, China has managed to open up to the ownership of the years to become what it is today: one of the greatest world powers.
Under the leadership of Mao, who remained in power for nearly three decades (until 1976), China experimented with the so-called Maoism, a doctrine founded on a Marxist-Leninist ideology, which led to the collectivization of agriculture and the so-called Leap Forward. The Chinese intervention in Korea, the invasion of Tibet and the Sino-Indian conflict of 1962 are attributed to him. Mao was also a promoter of great cultural revolution. Without forgetting the great political turning points represented by the removal from the Soviet Union, by China's entry into the UN (1971) and by the resumption of relations with the United States.
At the height of his cult of personality Mao was commonly known in China as the "four times the great": “Great Master, Great Leader, Great Supreme Commander, Great Helmsman”.
To celebrate the 70th anniversary of the birth of the People's Republic of China, the largest military parade in the country's history was organized in Beijing. In Tiananmen Square, sadly famous for the massacre wanted by the communist regime of students and workers who protested the reforms 30 years ago, there are 15 soldiers, 500 military vehicles and 160 planes called to fly over the demonstration.
