La film, or also defined as film, is cinema. At least as long as it was the most used support for the creation of cinematographic works. Today it is possible to make cinema even without film as it is possible to record images with digital cameras that affect an internal or external memory of the camera itself.
Film was invented around the turn of the 8th century and patented by George Eastman. The generally widespread formats are, in width, 9,5, 16, 35, 65, 70 and 1909 millimeters. In 35 the convention was defined which established 24 mm as the standard size for film production with a sliding speed of 4 frames per second. With the advent of sound, audio tracks were inserted next to the image (initially XNUMX per frame).
Direct grip: this is the sound recording during video shooting, in sync. Very effective when it comes to dialogues where it is important to detect the inflections, tones, of the voice of the characters. It underlines a part of the sequence where the naturalness and spontaneity of the shot is highlighted, whereas in editing it fails to render. Sometimes the PD is used with a camera or a "shoulder" camera.
Il peplum is a genre of historical films, sometimes with a religious background, set in the ancient world of Rome or in the Greco-Roman classicism. It was born at the beginning of the last century and took complete shape starting from the 50s when the big American productions also entered the field. Decades around the 60s. Memorable titles: from the first Quo Vadis by Enrico Guazzoni of 1912 (visible on Youtube) to one of the last: Sodom and Gomorrah by Robert Aldrich from 1961. Even the Leopard by Luchino Visconti (1063) is in some respects considered to belong to the peplum genre. For more information: by Stefano Della Casa, Enciclopedia del Treccani cinema.
Italian cinema would not be the same without it Pier Paolo Pasolini. He joined the Communist Party as a young man from which he was then kicked out in 1949 for being homosexual. He began working as an assistant to Mauro Bolognini until he made his debut in 1961 with Beggar which immediately made him known to the general national public, in addition to what he is already known as a poet and writer. The stamp of his production is around the search for spirituality linked to the material conditions of life of the people. His places are the urban suburbs, Rome in particular, and his characters come from the same environment, simple and popular. Will follow Mom Rome with Anna Magnani, from 1962, and subsequently the religious mystical trend will start with The Gospel according to Matthew of 1964 up to the so-called trilogy of life (The Decameron, the Canterbury tales and The Flower of the Arabian Nights, made between 1971 and 1974. Other films will follow, always of great success: from Medea with Maria Callas until her last work Salò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma from 1975. To remember Uccellacci ebirdini with Totò from 1966 where he glimpses the crisis of Marxism and reflects on the future, on the destiny, of the world of work and the role played by intellectuals engaged in the left.
Three international directors of great depth: the Americans Sam Peckimpah e Sidney pollack and the French, from Polish parents, Roman polansky. The first one owes important titles such as The wild bunch of '69 (among the most violent in that period), Straw Dogs of '71 with Dustin Hoffman, Pat Garret and Billy the kid with an unforgettable Bob Dylan soundtrack from '73 and, finally, I want Garcia's head of 1979. Of the second we remember at the beginning They don't kill horses like this from '69, then Red Crow you won't have my scalp from '70. In his latest engagements he tries his hand as an actor (Eyes wide shut by Kubrick) and as a producer (Sliding doors by Howitt). Finally, as far as Polansky is concerned, in addition to the personal problems following the death of his wife murdered by the holy man Charles Manson and his arrest for sexual harassment, he is known for his debut with Rosemary's baby of '68 and for the Oscar of 2003 with The Pianist.
